Namespaces
Variants
Views
Actions

std::shared_mutex::lock

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | thread‎ | shared mutex
 
 
Concurrency support library
Threads
(C++11)
(C++20)
(C++20)
this_thread namespace
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
Mutual exclusion
(C++11)
(C++11)  
Generic lock management
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
Condition variables
(C++11)
Semaphores
Latches and Barriers
(C++20)
(C++20)
Futures
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
(C++11)
Safe Reclamation
(C++26)
(C++26)
Hazard Pointers

Atomic types
(C++11)
(C++20)
Initialization of atomic types
(C++11)(deprecated in C++20)
(C++11)(deprecated in C++20)
Memory ordering
Free functions for atomic operations
Free functions for atomic flags
 
 
void lock();
(since C++17)

Acquires an exclusive ownership of the shared_mutex. If another thread is holding an exclusive lock or a shared lock on the same shared_mutex the a call to lock will block execution until all such locks are released. While shared_mutex is locked in an exclusive mode, no other lock of any kind can also be held.

If lock is called by a thread that already owns the shared_mutex in any mode (exclusive or shared), the behavior is undefined. A prior unlock() operation on the same mutex synchronizes-with (as defined in std::memory_order) this operation.

Contents

[edit] Parameters

(none)

[edit] Return value

(none)

[edit] Exceptions

Throws std::system_error when errors occur, including errors from the underlying operating system that would prevent lock from meeting its specifications. The mutex is not locked in the case of any exception being thrown.

[edit] Notes

lock() is usually not called directly: std::unique_lock, std::scoped_lock, and std::lock_guard are used to manage exclusive locking.

[edit] Example

#include <chrono>
#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <shared_mutex>
#include <syncstream>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>
 
std::mutex stream_mutx;
void print(auto const& v)
{
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(stream_mutx);
    std::cout << std::this_thread::get_id() << " saw: ";
    for (auto e : v)
        std::cout << e << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
}
 
int main()
{
    using namespace std::chrono_literals;
    constexpr int N_READERS = 5;
    constexpr int LAST = -999;
 
    std::shared_mutex smtx;
    int product = 0;
 
    auto writer = [&smtx, &product](int start, int end)
    {
        for (int i = start; i < end; ++i)
        {
            auto data = i;
            {
                std::unique_lock<std::shared_mutex> lock(smtx); // better than:
                                                                // smtx.lock();
                product = data;
            }
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(3ms);
        }
 
        smtx.lock(); // lock manually
        product = LAST;
        smtx.unlock();
    };
 
    auto reader = [&smtx, &product]
    {
        int data = 0;
        std::vector<int> seen;
        do
        {
            {
                // better to use:
                std::shared_lock lock(smtx); // smtx.lock_shared();
                data = product;
            }                                // smtx.unlock_shared();
 
            seen.push_back(data);
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(2ms);
        }
        while (data != LAST);
 
        print(seen);
    };
 
    std::vector<std::thread> threads;
    threads.emplace_back(writer, 1, 13);
    threads.emplace_back(writer, 42, 52);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < N_READERS; ++i)
        threads.emplace_back(reader);
 
    for (auto&& t : threads)
        t.join();
}

Possible output:

127755840 saw: 43 3 3 4 46 5 6 7 7 8 9 51 10 11 11 12 -999
144541248 saw: 2 44 3 4 46 5 6 7 7 8 9 51 10 11 11 12 -999
110970432 saw: 42 2 3 45 4 5 47 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 11 12 -999
119363136 saw: 42 2 3 4 46 5 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 -999
136148544 saw: 2 44 3 4 46 5 6 48 7 8 9 51 10 11 11 12 12 -999

[edit] See also

tries to lock the mutex, returns if the mutex is not available
(public member function) [edit]
unlocks the mutex
(public member function) [edit]
locks the mutex for shared ownership, blocks if the mutex is not available
(public member function) [edit]