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do-while loop

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Executes a statement repeatedly, until the value of expression becomes false. The test takes place after each iteration.

Contents

[edit] Syntax

attr (optional) do statement while ( expression ) ;
attr - (since C++11) any number of attributes
expression - any expression which is contextually convertible to bool. This expression is evaluated after each iteration, and if it yields false, the loop is exited.
statement - any statement, typically a compound statement, which is the body of the loop

[edit] Explanation

statement is always executed at least once, even if expression always yields false. If it should not execute in this case, a while or for loop may be used.

If the execution of the loop needs to be terminated at some point, a break statement can be used as terminating statement.

If the execution of the loop needs to be continued at the end of the loop body, a continue statement can be used as shortcut.

[edit] Notes

As part of the C++ forward progress guarantee, the behavior is undefined if a loop that has no observable behavior (does not make calls to I/O functions, access volatile objects, or perform atomic or synchronization operations) does not terminate. Compilers are permitted to remove such loops.

[edit] Keywords

do, while

[edit] Example

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
 
int main()
{
    int j = 2;
    do // compound statement is the loop body
    {
        j += 2;
        std::cout << j << ' ';
    }
    while (j < 9);
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    // common situation where do-while loop is used
    std::string s = "aba";
    std::sort(s.begin(), s.end());
 
    do std::cout << s << '\n'; // expression statement is the loop body
    while (std::next_permutation(s.begin(), s.end()));
}

Output:

4 6 8 10
aab
aba
baa

[edit] See also

C documentation for do-while